As a former US trade negotiator (love me or hate me for that), let me add that prominent on the US bilateral trade agenda for the past 30 years was separation of the regulatory responsibility and the industrial policy/oversight inside the government. Name almost any sector you want -- energy, telecommunications, transportation, construction, chemicals, financial services............ It really did not matter much whether there was a "formal" separation of the two functions or they were present in the same government agency. In the referenced NYT article, you can substitute any sector for nuclear and be pretty accurate.

Ira Wolf
Tokyo