I thank Ellis for the correction. I note that 1) Germany and New Zealand at one hand and Ukraine at the other indicate that 5% owes more to the mesmerizing quality of certain numbers (3, 10, 666...) than any reasonable consideration of the practical significance of the number five; and 2) the Ukraine seats are divided equally between single-seat constituencies and proportional seats whereas a much larger proportion of the HOC seats are allocated to SMDs in Japan, suggesting that the Japanese system, even without a formal threshold, could be a rough equivalent of the Ukraine system in suppressing micro- and mini-parties.